MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
AND THE
GOVERNMENT OF FEDERATIVE REPUBLIC OF BRAZIL FOR TECHNOLOGY COOPERATION
IN THE FIELD OF BLENDING OF ETHANOL IN TRANSPORT FUELS
The Government of the Republic of India and The Government of Federative Republic
of Brazil (hereinafter referred to as the "Contracting Parties") desiring
to enhance traitional ties of friendship between the two countries through cooperation
on technology research and development.
Recognizing the advantages to be derived by their respective peoples from the
promotion of such cooperation,particularly in the field of blending of ethanol
in transport fuels;
Nothing that the Federative Republic of Brazil have already implemented blending
of ethanol with gasoline and are experimenting on blending of ethanol with diesel;
Nothing further that Government of India are in the process of examining the
feasibility of blending of ethanol in gasoline and in diesel;
Have agreed as follows:
ARTICLE I
The Contracting Parties shall enhance their cooperation in the field of ethanol
blending, with transport fuels, on the basis of
equality and mutual advantage, and identity desirable areas of cooperation,
taking into account the experience gained by subject experts and the possibilities
available.
ARTICLE II
In furtherance of such cooperation, the Government of Brazil agree to share
the technology for blending of ethanol in gasoline and diesel and give consultancy
on the following areas of interest:
i) optimization of blending ratios for best performance with minimum adjustments/
modifications of engines;
ii) modifications / adjustments required in the engine and fuel system of the
vehicles for using ethanol blended gasoline / diesel at different ratios;
iii) selection of appropriate materials for fuel system components compatible
with ethanol;
iv) performance of vehicles with different blends / climatic conditions and
the impact on auto emissions / environment;
v) development of stabilizers/additives/de-naturants particularly for use in
ethanol-diesel blends;
vi) infrastructure to be provided at supply locations and at retail outlets;
vii) lab tests to be carried out for determining the blending ratio and testing
equipment to be provided;
viii) consider any other area related to blending of gasoline / diesel with
ethanol and use of blended products as auto fuels.
ARTICLE III
1.This Memorandum of Understanding shall be realized on the basis of implementation
programmes signed periodically, but no less frequently than one for two years.
These implementation programmes shall specify the range, subject and forms of
cooperation including financial terms and conditions.
2. The implementation of this Memorandum of Understanding shall be the responsibility
of the agencies designated by respective Governments in separate protocols,
covering each specific project.
ARTICLE IV
The Contracting Parties agree to cooperate to provide training, exchange of
experts, exchange of techniccal information and documentation, hold seminars/conferences
to facilitate sharing of technology and enhance developmet of human resources
in the subject field.
ARTICLE V
1.The Contracting Parties shall promote cooperarion between the designated agencies
in both countries with a view to concluding, if necessary, appropriate protocols
or contracts within the framework of this Memorandum of Understanding.
2.Protocols or contracts, wich shall be the basisfor developing cooperation
shall be signed in accordance with the laws and regulations in force in the
respective country. These protocols or contracts shall provide for, in case
of necessity:
i)Transfer of technical know-how on stabilisers/additives/emulsifiers for blended
fuels;
ii)Joint projects related to use of bio-diesel, and transfer of technical know-how
thereon;
iii)Joint research on development of ethanol based fuel cells for power generation
and automotive applications;
iv)Financial compensation for licensing know-how or utilisation of patents;
v)Exchange of patents, joint application for patents based on joint projects
of research and development and conditions for their commercialisation by either
party or jointly by them in a third country;
vi)Conditions for introduction into commercial production;
vii)Financial terms and conditions.
ARTICLE VI
The Contracting Parties agree not to divulge information obtained by them or
their personnel under this Memorandum of Understanding to any third party without
the express sonsent of the other Party.
ARTICLE VII
Aspects concerning intellectual property rights of the Cooperation Project,
where they could be applied, shall be the object of particular arrangements
taking into account the national laws of each country and the international
rules accpeted by both countries.
ARTICLE VIII
Expenses for travel of experts between the two countries shall be borne by the
designated agencies concerned, according to the terms mutually agreed upon.
ARTICLE IX
1.Any amendment or modification in this Memorandum of Understanding can be done
at any time by mutual consent between the Contracting Partis and the same shall
be valid when made in writing by both the parties or their authorized representatives
and specifically stating tha same to be an amendment of this Memorandum of Understanding
2.The modifications/changes, shall be effective from the date onwhich they are
made /executed, unless otherwise agreed to.
ARTICLE X
1.The Memorandum of Understanding shall enter into force when both Contracting
Parties have mutually informed of the completion of their repective legal procedures
and shall remain in force for a period of two years unless mutually terminated
earlier.
2.This Memorandum of Understanding can be terminated by either Party by giving
notice to the other Party three months in advance.
3.Notwithstanding the termination of this Memorandum, the activities already
undertaken shall not be affected and shall continue until completed.
Done at New Delhi on 8rd April, 2002, in three originals, each in Portuguese,
Hindi and English languages, all texts being equally authentic. In case of any
divergence in interpretation, the text in English shall prevail.
______________________________ _______________________________
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
REPUBLIC OF INDIA FEDERATIVE REPULIC OF BRAZIL
Name: RAM NAIR Name: Sergio Silva do Amaral
Designation: Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas Designation: Minister of
Development Industry and Foreign Trade